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Because PFAS are highly persistent, they accumulate over time in the environment and in human bodies. Even low levels of exposure over long periods are linked to health issues, which is why the EPA established strict Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) in 2024.
A 2023 USGS study found that PFAS concentrations in private wells were generally similar to those in government-regulated public water supplies. Exposure is higher in urban areas and near known industrial sources.
Municipal water systems are required to test for PFAS and will eventually be required to filter it, but private well owners must test and filter their own water.
Related on this site
- Guide: What PFAS Limits Mean for Your Tap Water in 2026(8 min read)
- Service: PFAS Water Test, EPA Method 533 / 537.1 lab analysis for the 29 most-regulated PFAS compounds.